Method of permanently waving hair



July 7, 1936. A. G. JOHNSON v METHOD OF PERMANENTLY WAVING HAIR Filed Oct. 17, 1934 INVENTOR.

ANEY.

Patented July 7, 1936 'UNlD r PATENT oFFieE 3 Claims.

This invention relates to the permanent waving of hair and has as its principal objects a safe and rapid method of waving hair with hot oil or the like.

A further object of my invention is to provide a method of permanently waving hair with hot liquid that eliminates any possibility of the operator or the subject receiving burns from the hot fluid. A still further object of my inventionis to provide a method of permanently waving hair that is not only beneficial to the hair waved thereby, but one that does not give discomfort to the subject while the wave is being given.

A still further object of this invention is to provide a method of permanently waving hair that can be successfully practiced in places where electric current is not available.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a sanitary, successful, rapidly and easily performed method of permanently waving hair.

These and other objects will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

My invention consists in the method or process hereinafter set forth, pointed out in my claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an applicator used for holding a pad.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of a liquid saturated pad before being placed in an applicator.

Fig. 3 is an end view of a manually operated applicator holding a pad.

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of an ordinary spool or rod upon which the hair is wound.

Fig. 5 is an end view of an applicator and pad embracing a winding of hair upon a rod.

There are two chief methods of permanently waving hair today, i. e., the usual electric heat method with its many short comings, and the preheated oil method as explained in my United States Patents No. 1,845,752 and No. 1,846,338, issued February 16, 1932, and February 23, 1932, respectively. In this hot oil method as taught by my patents, a pad is dipped into oil of high temperature and the dripping saturated pad then applied to the hair to be waved. A receptacle was provided near the head to catch hot oil drippings from the pad and hair, but even then, burns were possible and the method was very mussy and complicated. My present method overcomes these obvious objections to the oil drips and makes for amore sanitary and easily operated method of waving hair.

Referring to the drawing, I have used the numeral H] to designate a hot-plate of any suitable design which may be raised in temperature by any heating means such as a gas burner II.

The numeral l2 designates a manually operated double jawed applicator having the handles l3 and springs M to yieldingly hold the jaw portions in a closed condition. The numeral l5 designates a rectangular pad of cloth or like material capable of absorbing liquid. The numeral 16 designates an ordinary rod used in the art and around which the hair I! is wound.

The practical operation of my method is as follows: The flexible pad I5 is first saturated with the oil solution. Anysurplus liquid that might drip from the pad is removed by pressing, ringing, or like, after which the pad is placed inside the applicator l2, as shown in Fig. 1. The applicator and pad is then placed on the plate l0 and heated to the desired temperature for waving hair. Obviously, any suitable means may be employed to heat the applicator and pad.

The hair to be waved is prepared in the usual way by first washing it and subjecting it to a hair softening solution and then winding or coiling it around or upon a. base member such as the rod l6. After the hair has thus been prepared, the applicator carrying the hot oil saturated pad is placed around the coil of hair, as shown in Fig. 5. Not only will the heat in the oil, pad, and applicator be transmitted to the hair, but the hot oil from the pad will successfully penetrate the hair. This action produces not only a quicker wave than would ordinarily be the case, but provides a natural luxurious wave free from the usual dry parched appearance of the hair when dry heat is used. After the hair has been properly subjected to the action of the heat and penetration of the oil solution, the applicator and pad are removed and the hair washed and wave set.

A plurality of applicators, pads, rods, etc., may be used to wave a head of hair, thereby making it unnecessary to wave one lock of hair at a time. A considerable amount of the heat transferred to the hair comes indirectly from the applicator, which is preferably of a material having heat retaining qualities, and in this connection I particularly recommend metal. In order that the applicator will serve this dual purpose of holding the pad and giving up' valuable heat units to the pad during the hair waving operation, I form the applicator with jaws of substantial thickness. The oil solution used to saturate the pads is very important, as certain oils, especially some vegetable oils, break down under intense heat and release certain soap acids which are somewhat harmful to the hair. Also, some oils produce obnoxious odors when heated. I have found that a highly desirable solution may be made from olive oiland lanolin or other suitable heavy oil that will not only thicken the solution and raise the breaking down point of the solution, but will neutralize any soaps or acids that might be released from the olive oil at high temperatures. However, under ordinary conditions, the olive oil will not break down when mixed with lanolin. At any event, the heating of the pad and applicator should be at a temperature belowthat at which chemical reactions in the solution would be detrimentalto the hair and we may consider this point of temperature as the critical or breaking point of the solution. The percentage in volume of the various ingredients used in making up the liquid solution will vary, but I have found that when olive oil and lanolin are used, a highly desirable solution can be produced by using approximately two-thirds of olive oil and approximately one-third of lanolin. The solution may be scented by any suitable perfume.

After the pads have been properly impregnated with the solution they are placed, while in a cold state, in the applicators. By heating the pad, liquid in the pad, and applicator simultaneously as a unit, the unit will possess uniform heat, thereby making possible a more perfect control of theheat subjected to the hair than could be possible under the old method where a cold pad was dipped in hot oil and thenimmediately transferred to the hair. With my present method there is no danger of hot oil dripand it is my intention to cover by my claims any modified step-by-step procedure that might be reasonably included within their scope.

I claim:

1. The method of permanently waving hair, 7

rated pad and holder, applying the heated pad and holder to the hair to be waved, the removal of the pad and holder from the hair, and lastly the washing of the hair.

' 2. The method of permanently waving hair, consisting in treating the hair with a hair softening solution, the coiling of the hair, the impregnating of a pad member with an oil at substantially atmospheric temperatures, the placing of the oil impregnated pad in a pad embracing and holding member, the simultaneous pro-heating of the oil impregnated pad and holding member before they are applied to the hair to be waved, applying the heated pad and holding member to the hair to be waved while they are still hot, the removal of the pad and holding member from the hair after they have substantially cooled, and lastly the washing of thehair. V

3. The method of permanently Waving hair, consisting in treating the hair with, a hairsoftening solution, the coiling of the hair, the impregnatingof a pad member with a liquid at substantially atmospheric temperatures, the placing of the liquid impregnated pad in a pad embracing and holding member, the simultaneous pre-" heating of the liquid impregnated pad andholding member before they are applied tothe hair to be waved, applying the heated pad' and holding member to the hair to be waved'while they are still hot, theremoval of the pad and holding member from the hair after they have substantially cooled, and lastlythe washing of the hair.

ANTHON G. JOHNSON. 

